/* ===================== Article Page ===================== */

body.single-post,
body.article-page {
  background: #ffffff;
}

.article-page {
  background: #ffffff;
}

/* Layout */
.article-wrap {
  padding: 36px 0 64px;
}

.article-layout {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) 250px;
  gap: 36px;
  align-items: start;
}

/* Breadcrumbs */
.article-breadcrumbs {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 6px;
  font-size: 12px;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--text-muted);
  margin-bottom: 20px;
}

.article-breadcrumbs a {
  transition: color 0.2s;
}

.article-breadcrumbs a:hover {
  color: var(--orange);
}

.article-breadcrumbs__sep {
  color: rgba(95, 87, 79, 0.5);
}

.article-breadcrumbs__current {
  color: var(--text-dark);
}

/* Article header */
.article-tag {
  display: inline-block;
  background: var(--orange);
  color: #ffffff;
  font-size: 10px;
  font-weight: 800;
  letter-spacing: 1px;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  padding: 5px 10px;
  border-radius: 3px;
  margin-bottom: 14px;
  transition: background 0.2s;
}

a.article-tag:hover {
  background: var(--orange-dark);
}

.article-title {
  font-size: 34px;
  font-weight: 900;
  line-height: 1.12;
  letter-spacing: -0.2px;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--text-dark);
  margin-bottom: 14px;
  max-width: 720px;
}

.article-subtitle {
  font-size: 17px;
  font-weight: 600;
  line-height: 1.55;
  color: var(--text-muted);
  margin-bottom: 20px;
  max-width: 640px;
}

.article-meta {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 20px;
  padding-bottom: 24px;
  border-bottom: 1px solid rgba(39, 35, 32, 0.08);
  margin-bottom: 28px;
}

.article-meta__item {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 8px;
  font-size: 12px;
  font-weight: 700;
  letter-spacing: 0.3px;
  color: var(--text-muted);
}

.article-meta__item svg {
  flex-shrink: 0;
  color: var(--orange);
}

/* Hero image */
.article-hero-image {
  width: 100%;
  aspect-ratio: 2 / 1;
  border-radius: 6px;
  overflow: hidden;
  margin-bottom: 32px;
  border: 1px solid rgba(39, 35, 32, 0.06);
}

.article-hero-image img {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
  object-position: center;
}

/* Body typography */

.article-body {
  /* font-family: "Source Sans 3", "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif; */
}

.article-body p, .article-body span {
  font-size: 15px;
  font-weight: 500;
  line-height: 1.85;
  color: var(--text-muted);
  /* margin-bottom: 18px; */
  letter-spacing: 0.02em;
}
.article-body h2, .article-body h3, .article-body h4, .article-body h5, .article-body h6 {
  font-size: 20px;
  font-weight: 700;
  line-height: 1.35;
  color: var(--text-dark);
  margin-bottom: 18px;
  letter-spacing: 0.02em;
}

.article-body p:last-child {
  margin-bottom: 0;
}

.article-body p.lead {
  font-size: 16px;
  color: var(--text-dark);
}

.article-section {
  margin-top: 40px;
}

.article-section h2 {
  font-size: 20px;
  font-weight: 800;
  line-height: 1.35;
  color: var(--orange);
  margin-bottom: 18px;
}

/* Factor icon grid */
.article-factors {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr);
  gap: 25px 13px;
  margin: 24px 0;
  padding: 0;
  background: none;
  border: none;
}

.article-factor {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: row;
  align-items: flex-start;
  text-align: left;
  gap: 12px;
  width: 195px;
}

.article-factor__icon {
  flex-shrink: 0;
  width: 48px;
  height: 48px;
  min-width: 48px;
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  color: #4d6b82;
  background: #e0dddd;
}

.article-factor__icon svg {
  width: 28px;
  height: 28px;
}

.article-factor p {
  font-size: 12.5px;
  font-weight: 600;
  line-height: 1.45;
  color: var(--text-muted);
  margin: 0;
}

/* Split sections: image + content */
.article-split {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 2fr 3fr;
  gap: 28px;
  align-items: start;
  margin-top: 20px;
}

.article-split--reverse {
  grid-template-columns: 3fr 2fr;
}

.article-split__image {
  border-radius: 6px;
  overflow: hidden;
  border: 1px solid rgba(39, 35, 32, 0.06);
  aspect-ratio: 4 / 3;
}

.article-split__image img {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
  object-position: center;
}

.article-split__content p {
  margin-bottom: 16px;
}

/* Article aside — text left, image right, matched height (article 3) */
.article-aside {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) 220px;
  gap: 20px 24px;
  align-items: stretch;
}

.article-aside--square {
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) 275px;
}

.article-aside--square .article-checklist {
  gap: 10px;
}

.article-aside--square .article-checklist__text {
  font-size: 12.5px;
  line-height: 1.52;
}

.article-aside--square .article-checklist li {
  gap: 9px;
}

.article-aside--portrait {
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) 215px;
}

.article-aside__content h2 {
  margin-bottom: 16px;
}

.article-aside__image {
  margin: 0;
  align-self: stretch;
  min-height: 100%;
  border-radius: 6px;
  overflow: hidden;
  border: 1px solid rgba(39, 35, 32, 0.06);
}

.article-aside__image img {
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
  object-position: center;
}

.article-aside p,
.article-aside .article-checklist__text {
  font-size: 13.5px;
  line-height: 1.58;
}

.article-aside__content p,
.article-aside__body p {
  margin-bottom: 12px;
}

.article-aside .article-checklist {
  gap: 12px;
}

.article-aside .article-callout {
  padding: 16px 14px;
}

.article-aside .article-callout p {
  font-size: 13px;
  line-height: 1.55;
}

/* Image offset — starts below title, stretches to content bottom */
.article-aside--offset {
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) 220px;
  grid-template-rows: auto 1fr;
  align-items: stretch;
}

.article-aside--offset .article-aside__title,
.article-aside--offset .article-aside__title-group {
  grid-column: 1;
  grid-row: 1;
}

.article-aside--offset .article-aside__title {
  font-size: 20px;
  font-weight: 800;
  line-height: 1.35;
  color: var(--orange);
  margin-bottom: 0;
  letter-spacing: 0.02em;
}

.article-aside--offset .article-aside__title-group h2 {
  margin-bottom: 8px;
}

.article-aside--offset .article-aside__title-group p {
  margin-bottom: 0;
}

.article-aside--offset .article-aside__body {
  grid-column: 1;
  grid-row: 2;
}

.article-aside--offset .article-aside__body > p:last-child {
  margin-bottom: 0;
}

.article-aside--offset .article-aside__image {
  grid-column: 2;
  grid-row: 1 / -1;
  align-self: stretch;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  /* padding-top: 34px; */
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

.article-aside--offset:has(.article-aside__title-group) .article-aside__image {
  padding-top: 54px;
}

/* Section 4 — more room for side image */
.article-aside--wide-image {
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) 260px;
}

.article-aside--wide-image .article-aside__body p {
  font-size: 12.5px;
  line-height: 1.55;
}

.article-aside--wide-image .article-aside__image {
  justify-content: flex-start;
}

.article-aside--wide-image .article-aside__image img {
  flex: none;
  height: auto;
  width: 100%;
  aspect-ratio: 1 / 1;
  object-fit: cover;
  object-position: top center;
}

/* Section 5 — floor plan diagram needs more width, less crop */
.article-aside--diagram {
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) 280px;
}

.article-aside--diagram .article-checklist__text {
  font-size: 12.5px;
  line-height: 1.52;
}

.article-aside--diagram .article-checklist {
  gap: 10px;
}

.article-aside--diagram .article-aside__body p {
  font-size: 12.5px;
  line-height: 1.55;
}

.article-aside--diagram .article-aside__image img {
  object-fit: contain;
  object-position: center top;
  background: #f8f8f8;
}

.article-aside--offset .article-aside__image img {
  flex: 1;
  min-height: 0;
  height: 100%;
}

/* Image left — matched height (article 4) */
.article-aside--image-left {
  grid-template-columns: var(--aside-image-width, 240px) minmax(0, 1fr);
}

.article-aside--image-left .article-aside__image {
  order: -1;
}

.article-aside--pe-s1 {
  --aside-image-width: 235px;
}

.article-aside--pe-s2 {
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) 250px;
}

.article-aside--pe-s2 .article-aside__content p {
  font-size: 13px;
  line-height: 1.56;
}

.article-aside--pe-s3 {
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) 215px;
}

.article-aside--pe-s3 .article-checklist {
  gap: 10px;
}

.article-aside--pe-s3 .article-checklist__text {
  font-size: 12.5px;
  line-height: 1.52;
}

.article-aside--pe-s4 {
  --aside-image-width: 265px;
}

.article-aside--pe-s4 .article-checklist {
  gap: 10px;
}

.article-aside--pe-s4 .article-checklist__text {
  font-size: 12.5px;
  line-height: 1.52;
}

.article-aside--pe-s5 {
  --aside-image-width: 290px;
}

.article-aside--pe-s5 .article-aside__image img {
  object-position: center;
}

/* Article 5 — Vegas heat split layouts */
.article-aside--vegas-s1 {
  --aside-image-width: 200px;
}

.article-aside--vegas-s2 {
  --aside-image-width: 275px;
  margin-top: 20px;
}

.article-aside--vegas-s3 {
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) 220px;
}

.article-aside--vegas-s3 .article-aside__content p {
  font-size: 13px;
  line-height: 1.56;
}

.article-aside--vegas-s3 .article-checklist--dot {
  margin-bottom: 12px;
}

.article-aside--vegas-s4 {
  --aside-image-width: 265px;
}

.article-aside--vegas-s4 .article-checklist {
  gap: 12px;
}

.article-aside--vegas-s4 .article-checklist__text {
  font-size: 12.5px;
  line-height: 1.55;
}

.article-body p.article-sublist-intro {
  margin-top: 20px;
  margin-bottom: 14px;
  font-size: 14px;
  font-weight: 600;
  line-height: 1.55;
  color: var(--text-dark);
}

/* Article 6 — large residential plumbing */
.article-plumbing-icon-wrap {
  --icon-url: none;
  display: block;
  flex-shrink: 0;
  width: 52px;
  height: 52px;
  background-color: var(--article-blue, #2d6a9f);
  -webkit-mask-image: var(--icon-url);
  mask-image: var(--icon-url);
  -webkit-mask-repeat: no-repeat;
  mask-repeat: no-repeat;
  -webkit-mask-position: center;
  mask-position: center;
  -webkit-mask-size: contain;
  mask-size: contain;
}

.article-plumbing-icon-wrap--hero {
  width: 162px;
  height: 162px;
}

.article-plumbing-icon-wrap--grid {
  width: 52px;
  height: 52px;
}

.article-plumbing-icon-wrap--list {
  width: 58px;
  height: 58px;
}

.article-plumbing-panel {
  margin-top: 20px;
  padding: 16px 18px;
  border: 1px solid rgba(39, 35, 32, 0.14);
  border-radius: 6px;
  background: #ffffff;
}

.article-plumbing-panel__split {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) minmax(0, 1fr);
  gap: 20px 24px;
  align-items: start;
}

.article-plumbing-panel__aside {
  display: flex;
  gap: 18px;
  align-items: flex-start;
}

.article-plumbing-panel__aside p {
  margin: 0;
  font-size: 13px;
  line-height: 1.58;
  color: var(--text-muted);
}

.article-table-wrap {
  align-self: start;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
}

.article-table__caption {
  font-size: 13px;
  font-weight: 800;
  line-height: 1.4;
  color: var(--article-blue, #2d6a9f);
  margin-bottom: 14px;
}

.article-table {
  width: 100%;
  border-collapse: separate;
  border-spacing: 0;
  font-size: 12.5px;
  line-height: 1.45;
  border: 1px solid #c5d9e8;
  border-radius: 4px;
  overflow: hidden;
  background: #ffffff;
}

.article-table thead {
  background: #dceaf4;
}

.article-table th,
.article-table td {
  padding: 10px 14px;
  text-align: left;
  border-bottom: 1px solid #c5d9e8;
}

.article-table th {
  font-size: 12px;
  font-weight: 800;
  letter-spacing: 0.2px;
  color: var(--article-blue, #2d6a9f);
  border-bottom: 1px solid #b8cfe0;
}

.article-table td {
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--text-muted);
}

.article-table tbody tr:nth-child(even) td {
  background: #f4f8fb;
}

.article-table tbody tr:last-child td {
  border-bottom: none;
}

.article-aside--plumbing-s2 {
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) 240px;
  margin-top: 20px;
}

.article-aside--plumbing-s2 .article-aside__content p {
  font-size: 13px;
  line-height: 1.56;
}

.article-icon-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
  gap: 16px 20px;
  margin: 16px 0;
}

.article-icon-grid__item {
  display: flex;
  gap: 12px;
  align-items: center;
}

.article-icon-grid__item span {
  font-size: 12px;
  font-weight: 600;
  line-height: 1.45;
  color: var(--text-muted);
}

.article-icon-list-panel {
  margin-top: 18px;
  padding: 18px 20px;
  background: #f5f4f3;
  border: 1px solid rgba(39, 35, 32, 0.08);
  border-radius: 6px;
}

.article-icon-list {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 18px;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  list-style: none;
}

.article-icon-list__item {
  display: flex;
  gap: 16px;
  align-items: flex-start;
}

.article-icon-list__body p {
  margin: 0;
  font-size: 13px;
  line-height: 1.58;
  color: var(--text-muted);
}

.article-icon-list__body p strong {
  color: var(--text-dark);
  font-weight: 800;
}

.article-aside--plumbing-s4 {
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) 235px;
  margin-top: 0;
}

.article-aside--plumbing-s4 .article-aside__body p {
  font-size: 13px;
  line-height: 1.56;
}

.article-aside--plumbing-s4 .article-aside__body > p:last-of-type {
  margin-bottom: 0;
}

.article-aside--plumbing-s4 .article-callouts--inline {
  margin-top: 18px;
}

.article-aside--plumbing-s4 .article-callout {
  padding: 16px 14px;
}

.article-aside--plumbing-s4 .article-callout p {
  font-size: 12.5px;
  line-height: 1.55;
}

.article-aside--plumbing-s5 {
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) 270px;
  margin-top: 0;
}

.article-aside--plumbing-s5 .article-aside__body p {
  font-size: 13px;
  line-height: 1.56;
}

.article-aside--plumbing-s5 .article-aside__body > p:last-child {
  margin-bottom: 0;
}

/* Article 7 — What does an MEP engineer do? */
.article-mep-icon-wrap {
  --icon-url: none;
  display: block;
  flex-shrink: 0;
  width: 56px;
  height: 56px;
  background-color: var(--orange);
  -webkit-mask-image: var(--icon-url);
  mask-image: var(--icon-url);
  -webkit-mask-repeat: no-repeat;
  mask-repeat: no-repeat;
  -webkit-mask-position: center;
  mask-position: center;
  -webkit-mask-size: 72% 72%;
  mask-size: 72% 72%;
}

.article-mep-disciplines {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 22px;
  margin: 22px 0 0;
  padding: 0;
  list-style: none;
}

.article-mep-disciplines__item {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 56px minmax(0, 1fr);
  gap: 18px;
  align-items: start;
}

.article-mep-disciplines__body p {
  margin: 0;
  font-size: 13.5px;
  line-height: 1.58;
  color: var(--text-muted);
}

.article-mep-disciplines__body p strong {
  color: var(--text-dark);
  font-weight: 800;
}

.article-aside--mep-s2 {
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) 200px;
  margin-top: 4px;
}

.article-section--mep-deliver > p {
  font-size: 13px;
  line-height: 1.56;
  margin-bottom: 12px;
}

.article-section--mep-deliver > .article-checklist {
  gap: 12px;
  margin: 14px 0 16px;
}

.article-section--mep-deliver > .article-checklist .article-checklist__text {
  font-size: 12.5px;
  line-height: 1.55;
}

.article-aside--mep-s2.article-aside--offset:has(.article-aside__title-group) .article-aside__image {
  padding-top: 28px;
}

.article-aside--mep-s2 .article-aside__title-group p {
  font-size: 13px;
  line-height: 1.56;
  margin-bottom: 0;
}

.article-aside--mep-s2 .article-checklist {
  gap: 12px;
}

.article-aside--mep-s2 .article-checklist__text {
  font-size: 12.5px;
  line-height: 1.55;
}

.article-aside--mep-s2 .article-aside__image img {
  object-fit: contain;
  object-position: center top;
  background: #f8f8f8;
  height: auto;
  flex: none;
  aspect-ratio: 1 / 1;
}

.article-split {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 42% minmax(0, 1fr);
  gap: 20px 24px;
  align-items: start;
  margin-top: 16px;
}

.article-split__image {
  grid-column: 1;
  grid-row: 1;
  margin: 0;
  border-radius: 6px;
  overflow: hidden;
  border: 1px solid rgba(39, 35, 32, 0.06);
}

.article-split__image img {
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
  height: auto;
  aspect-ratio: 4 / 3;
  object-fit: cover;
  object-position: center;
}

.article-split__aside {
  grid-column: 2;
  grid-row: 1;
  margin: 0;
  font-size: 13px;
  line-height: 1.56;
  color: var(--text-muted);
}

.article-split__aside + .article-split__aside {
  margin-top: 12px;
}

.article-split__below {
  grid-column: 1 / -1;
  grid-row: 2;
}

.article-split__below p {
  font-size: 13px;
  line-height: 1.56;
  color: var(--text-muted);
  margin-bottom: 12px;
}

.article-split__below p:last-child {
  margin-bottom: 0;
}

.article-split--mep-how {
  --split-image-width: 44%;
  grid-template-columns: var(--split-image-width) minmax(0, 1fr);
}

.article-split--mep-how .article-split__image {
  aspect-ratio: auto;
  height: auto;
}

.article-split--mep-how .article-split__image img {
  aspect-ratio: 16 / 9;
  width: 100%;
  height: auto;
}

.article-split--mep-why {
  --split-image-width: 44%;
  grid-template-columns: var(--split-image-width) minmax(0, 1fr);
  margin-top: 20px;
}

.article-split--mep-why .article-split__image {
  grid-row: 1 / 3;
  align-self: start;
  aspect-ratio: auto;
  height: auto;
}

.article-split--mep-why .article-split__image img {
  width: 100%;
  height: auto;
}

.article-split--mep-why .article-split__aside--continued {
  grid-column: 2;
  grid-row: 2;
}

.article-split--mep-why .article-split__below {
  grid-row: 3;
}

/* Article 8 — When should an MEP engineer be brought in? */
.article-hero-stack--mep-timing {
  margin-bottom: 32px;
}

.article-hero-stack--mep-timing .article-hero-image {
  margin-bottom: 0;
  border-radius: 6px 6px 0 0;
}

/* Compact phase stepper — numbers only, no icons */
.article-mep-timeline {
  display: flex;
  align-items: flex-start;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 6px;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 14px 12px;
  list-style: none;
  background: #f4f9fc;
  border: 1px solid rgba(45, 106, 159, 0.12);
  border-top: none;
  border-radius: 0 0 6px 6px;
  position: relative;
}

.article-mep-timeline::before {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  top: 28px;
  left: 10%;
  right: 10%;
  height: 2px;
  background: rgba(45, 106, 159, 0.2);
  z-index: 0;
}

.article-mep-timeline__stage {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 1;
  flex: 1;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 8px;
  text-align: center;
  min-width: 0;
}

.article-mep-timeline__num {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  width: 28px;
  height: 28px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: var(--article-blue, #2d6a9f);
  color: #ffffff;
  font-size: 12px;
  font-weight: 800;
  line-height: 1;
}

.article-mep-timeline__label {
  font-size: 9px;
  font-weight: 800;
  line-height: 1.35;
  letter-spacing: 0.2px;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--article-blue, #2d6a9f);
}

/* Single-column phase sections — full-width text */
.article-section--mep-phase {
  margin-top: 40px;
  padding-top: 36px;
  border-top: 1px solid rgba(39, 35, 32, 0.08);
}

.article-section--mep-phase:first-of-type {
  margin-top: 12px;
  padding-top: 0;
  border-top: none;
}

.article-mep-phase__heading {
  font-size: 20px;
  font-weight: 800;
  line-height: 1.35;
  color: var(--orange);
  margin-bottom: 18px;
  letter-spacing: 0.01em;
}

.article-mep-phase__figure {
  margin: 0 0 22px;
  border-radius: 6px;
  overflow: hidden;
  border: 1px solid rgba(39, 35, 32, 0.06);
  aspect-ratio: 21 / 9;
  max-height: 260px;
}

.article-mep-phase__figure img {
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
  object-position: center;
}

.article-mep-phase__content .article-checklist {
  margin: 4px 0 18px;
}

.article-section--mep-phase .article-callouts--inline {
  margin-top: 24px;
}

.article-callout--no-icon {
  padding-left: 22px;
  border-left: 3px solid currentColor;
}

.article-callout--info.article-callout--no-icon {
  border-left-color: var(--article-blue, #2d6a9f);
}

.article-callout--tip.article-callout--no-icon {
  border-left-color: var(--orange);
}

.article-callout--info {
  background: #e8f2f8;
  border-color: rgba(45, 106, 159, 0.18);
}

.article-callout--info p {
  font-style: italic;
}

.article-callout--tip {
  background: #faf3eb;
  border-color: rgba(189, 86, 45, 0.18);
}

/* Conclusion */
.article-mep-thread {
  padding: 28px 32px;
  background: linear-gradient(135deg, #f4f9fc 0%, #ffffff 100%);
  border: 1px solid rgba(45, 106, 159, 0.16);
  border-radius: 6px;
}

.article-mep-thread h2 {
  font-size: 20px;
  font-weight: 800;
  line-height: 1.35;
  color: var(--orange);
  margin-bottom: 16px;
}

.article-mep-thread > p {
  margin-bottom: 14px;
}

.article-mep-thread > p:last-child {
  margin-bottom: 0;
}

.article-mep-thread > p strong {
  color: var(--text-dark);
  font-weight: 800;
}

.article-section--mep-rule {
  margin-top: 44px;
  padding-top: 0;
  border-top: none;
}

/* Article 9 — HVAC design mistakes (heading + icon/text left, image right) */
.article-hvac-icon-wrap {
  --hvac-icon-glyph: 64px;
  --hvac-icon-pad: 6px;
  --hvac-icon-mask-scale: 155%;
  --icon-url: none;
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  flex-shrink: 0;
  width: fit-content;
  height: fit-content;
  padding: var(--hvac-icon-pad);
  border-radius: 6px;
  background: #e8e6e4;
  box-sizing: border-box;
  line-height: 0;
}

.article-hvac-icon-wrap::after {
  content: '';
  display: block;
  width: var(--hvac-icon-glyph);
  height: var(--hvac-icon-glyph);
  background-color: #6b6560;
  -webkit-mask-image: var(--icon-url);
  mask-image: var(--icon-url);
  -webkit-mask-repeat: no-repeat;
  mask-repeat: no-repeat;
  -webkit-mask-position: center;
  mask-position: center;
  -webkit-mask-size: var(--hvac-icon-mask-scale);
  mask-size: var(--hvac-icon-mask-scale);
}

.article-hvac-icon-wrap--thread {
  width: 56px;
  height: 56px;
  background: transparent;
}

.article-hvac-icon-wrap--thread::after {
  width: 32px;
  height: 32px;
  background-color: var(--orange);
}

.article-hvac-row {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.85fr) minmax(0, 1fr);
  gap: 12px 20px;
  align-items: start;
}

.article-hvac-row__main {
  min-width: 0;
}

.article-hvac-row h2 {
  font-size: 17px;
  font-weight: 800;
  line-height: 1.28;
  color: var(--orange);
  margin-bottom: 8px;
  letter-spacing: 0.01em;
}

.article-hvac-row__body {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: max-content minmax(0, 1fr);
  gap: 10px 14px;
  align-items: start;
}

.article-hvac-row__icon {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: center;
  align-items: flex-start;
}

.article-hvac-row__text > p {
  margin-bottom: 8px;
  font-size: 13px;
  line-height: 1.48;
  color: var(--text-muted);
}

.article-hvac-row__text > p:last-child {
  margin-bottom: 0;
}

.article-hvac-row__image {
  margin: 0;
  align-self: start;
  width: 100%;
  max-height: 200px;
  aspect-ratio: 5 / 4;
  border-radius: 6px;
  overflow: hidden;
  border: 1px solid rgba(39, 35, 32, 0.06);
}

.article-hvac-row__image img {
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
  object-position: center;
}

.article-hvac-row__image--contain {
  background: #fff;
  max-height: 200px;
}

.article-hvac-row__image--contain img {
  object-fit: contain;
  object-position: center;
  padding: 6px;
}

.article-hvac-row__text .article-checklist {
  gap: 8px;
  margin-bottom: 8px;
}

.article-hvac-row__text .article-checklist__text {
  font-size: 12.5px;
  line-height: 1.48;
}

.article-section:has(.article-hvac-row) {
  margin-top: 32px;
}

.article-section:has(.article-hvac-row):first-of-type {
  margin-top: 40px;
}

.article-section--hvac-thread {
  margin-top: 44px;
}

.article-hvac-thread {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 48px minmax(0, 1fr);
  gap: 18px 22px;
  align-items: start;
  padding: 24px 26px;
  background: #faf6f0;
  border: 1px solid rgba(189, 86, 45, 0.14);
  border-radius: 6px;
}

.article-hvac-thread__icon {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: center;
  padding-top: 2px;
}

.article-hvac-thread__star-wrap {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  flex-shrink: 0;
  width: 48px;
  height: 48px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: var(--orange);
}

.article-hvac-thread__star {
  width: 22px;
  height: 22px;
  color: #fff;
}

.article-hvac-thread__body h2 {
  font-size: 20px;
  font-weight: 800;
  line-height: 1.35;
  color: var(--orange);
  margin-bottom: 14px;
}

.article-hvac-thread__body > p {
  margin-bottom: 12px;
  font-size: 13.5px;
  line-height: 1.58;
  color: var(--text-muted);
}

.article-hvac-thread__body > p:last-child {
  margin-bottom: 0;
}

.article-body p.article-closing {
  margin-top: 20px;
  font-size: 15px;
  font-weight: 800;
  line-height: 1.7;
  color: var(--text-dark);
}

/* Checkmark list */
.article-checklist {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 15px;
}

.article-checklist li {
  display: flex;
  gap: 11px;
  align-items: flex-start;
}

.article-checklist__icon {
  flex-shrink: 0;
  width: 20px;
  height: 20px;
  margin-top: 2px;
  color: var(--orange);
}

.article-checklist__icon circle,
.article-checklist__icon path {
  stroke-width: 2.5;
}

.article-checklist--deny .article-checklist__icon {
  color: var(--article-red, #a83d2e);
}

.article-checklist--ok .article-checklist__icon,
.article-checklist--green .article-checklist__icon {
  color: var(--article-green, #2a7d52);
}

.article-checklist--blue .article-checklist__icon {
  color: var(--article-blue, #2d6a9f);
}

.article-checklist--plain .article-checklist__icon {
  width: 18px;
  height: 18px;
}

.article-checklist--dot .article-checklist__icon {
  width: 10px;
  height: 10px;
  margin-top: 7px;
}

.article-checklist--dot {
  gap: 12px;
}

.article-checklist__text {
  font-size: 13.5px;
  font-weight: 600;
  line-height: 1.6;
  color: var(--text-muted);
}

.article-checklist__text strong {
  color: var(--text-dark);
  font-weight: 800;
}

/* Callout boxes */
.article-callouts {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 16px;
  margin-top: 40px;
}

.article-callout {
  display: flex;
  gap: 16px;
  align-items: flex-start;
  padding: 22px 20px;
  background: var(--cream);
  border-radius: 6px;
  border: 1px solid rgba(39, 35, 32, 0.06);
}

.article-callout__icon {
  flex-shrink: 0;
  width: 36px;
  height: 36px;
  color: var(--orange);
}

.article-callout p {
  font-size: 14px;
  font-weight: 600;
  line-height: 1.65;
  color: var(--text-muted);
  margin: 0;
}

.article-callout p strong {
  color: var(--text-dark);
  font-weight: 800;
}

.article-callout--alert {
  background: #f3e8e6;
  border-color: rgba(168, 61, 46, 0.15);
}

.article-callout--alert .article-callout__icon {
  color: var(--article-red, #a83d2e);
}

.article-body .article-callout--alert p strong {
  color: var(--article-red, #a83d2e);
}

.article-callout--summary {
  background: #faf6f0;
  border-color: rgba(189, 86, 45, 0.18);
}

.article-callout__body p + p {
  margin-top: 12px;
}

.article-callout--summary .article-callout__body > p:first-child strong {
  color: var(--orange);
  font-size: 16px;
}

.article-callouts--inline {
  margin-top: 24px;
}

.article-split__content .article-callout {
  margin-top: 18px;
}

.article-split__content .article-callouts--inline {
  margin-top: 18px;
}

/* Article footer — categories */
.article-categories {
  margin-top: 48px;
  padding-top: 32px;
  border-top: 1px solid rgba(39, 35, 32, 0.1);
}

.article-categories__header {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  align-items: baseline;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: 12px 20px;
  margin-bottom: 20px;
}

.article-categories__title {
  font-size: 13px;
  font-weight: 900;
  letter-spacing: 0.8px;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--text-dark);
  margin: 0;
}

.article-categories__all {
  font-size: 12px;
  font-weight: 800;
  color: var(--orange);
  transition: color 0.2s;
}

.article-categories__all:hover {
  color: var(--orange-dark);
}

.article-categories__list {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: 10px;
}

.article-categories__tag {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 8px;
  padding: 10px 14px;
  font-size: 13px;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--text-muted);
  background: #f8f8f8;
  border: 1px solid rgba(39, 35, 32, 0.12);
  border-radius: 6px;
  transition: color 0.2s, border-color 0.2s, background 0.2s;
}

.article-categories__tag:hover {
  color: var(--orange);
  border-color: rgba(189, 86, 45, 0.35);
  background: #fff;
}

.article-categories__tag.is-active {
  color: var(--orange-dark);
  background: rgba(189, 86, 45, 0.08);
  border-color: rgba(189, 86, 45, 0.35);
}

.article-categories__count {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  min-width: 22px;
  padding: 2px 6px;
  font-size: 11px;
  font-weight: 800;
  color: var(--text-muted);
  background: rgba(39, 35, 32, 0.06);
  border-radius: 10px;
}

.article-categories__tag:hover .article-categories__count,
.article-categories__tag.is-active .article-categories__count {
  color: var(--orange-dark);
  background: rgba(189, 86, 45, 0.12);
}

/* ===================== Sidebar ===================== */

.article-sidebar {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 22px;
  padding-top: 25px;
}

@media (min-width: 1024px) {
  .article-sidebar {
    align-self: stretch;
  }

  .sidebar-sticky-group {
    position: sticky;
    top: calc(var(--header-height) + 24px);
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    gap: 22px;
    flex-shrink: 0;
  }
}

.sidebar-widget {
  background: #f8f8f8;
  border: 1px solid rgba(39, 35, 32, 0.12);
  border-radius: 8px;
  padding: 22px 20px;
  box-shadow: 0 2px 10px rgba(39, 35, 32, 0.04);
}

.sidebar-widget__title {
  font-size: 13px;
  font-weight: 900;
  letter-spacing: 0.8px;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--text-dark);
  margin-bottom: 18px;
}

/* Author */
.sidebar-widget--author {
  text-align: center;
}

.sidebar-author {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: center;
  text-align: center;
  gap: 12px;
}

.sidebar-author__photo {
  width: 120px;
  height: 120px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  overflow: hidden;
  border: 2px solid rgba(189, 86, 45, 0.25);
}

.sidebar-author__photo img {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
}

.sidebar-author__name {
  font-size: 16px;
  font-weight: 800;
  color: var(--text-dark);
}

.sidebar-author__role {
  font-size: 12px;
  font-weight: 700;
  color: var(--text-muted);
  margin-top: 2px;
}

.sidebar-author__bio-container {
  align-self: stretch;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 10px;
}

.sidebar-author__bio {
  align-self: stretch;
  text-align: center;
  font-size: 13px;
  font-weight: 600;
  line-height: 1.65;
  color: var(--text-muted);
}

.sidebar-author__link {
  align-self: center;
  text-align: center;
  font-size: 12px;
  font-weight: 800;
  letter-spacing: 0.4px;
  color: var(--orange);
  transition: color 0.2s;
}

.sidebar-author__link:hover {
  color: var(--orange-dark);
}

/* Sidebar checklist */
.sidebar-checklist {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 14px;
}

.sidebar-checklist li {
  display: flex;
  gap: 10px;
  align-items: flex-start;
  font-size: 13px;
  font-weight: 600;
  line-height: 1.55;
  color: var(--text-muted);
}

.sidebar-checklist svg {
  flex-shrink: 0;
  margin-top: 2px;
  color: var(--orange);
}

/* Related articles */
.sidebar-related {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 16px;
}

.sidebar-related__item {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 64px 1fr;
  gap: 12px;
  align-items: center;
  transition: opacity 0.2s;
}

.sidebar-related__item:hover {
  opacity: 0.85;
}

.sidebar-related__thumb {
  width: 64px;
  height: 64px;
  border-radius: 4px;
  overflow: hidden;
  border: 1px solid rgba(39, 35, 32, 0.06);
}

.sidebar-related__thumb img {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
}

.sidebar-related__title {
  font-size: 13px;
  font-weight: 800;
  line-height: 1.4;
  color: var(--text-dark);
}

.sidebar-related__date {
  font-size: 11px;
  font-weight: 600;
  color: var(--text-muted);
  margin-top: 4px;
}

/* CTA box */
.sidebar-cta {
  background: var(--dark);
  border-radius: 6px;
  padding: 24px 22px;
  border: none;
}

.sidebar-cta .sidebar-widget__title {
  color: var(--orange);
  font-size: 15px;
  font-weight: 800;
  letter-spacing: 0;
  text-transform: none;
  line-height: 1.35;
  margin-bottom: 12px;
}

.sidebar-cta p {
  font-size: 13px;
  font-weight: 600;
  line-height: 1.65;
  color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.78);
  margin-bottom: 18px;
}

.sidebar-cta .btn {
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
  text-align: center;
  font-size: 12px;
  padding: 14px 16px;
  border-radius: 4px;
}

/* Duo panels — storage tank vs tankless (article 2, section 1) */
.article-duo {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
  gap: 24px;
  margin-top: 20px;
}

.article-duo__panel {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) 120px;
  gap: 14px;
  align-items: stretch;
  padding: 16px;
  background: #f5f4f3;
  border-radius: 6px;
  border: 1px solid rgba(39, 35, 32, 0.06);
}

.article-duo__heading {
  font-size: 13px;
  font-weight: 800;
  line-height: 1.35;
  margin-bottom: 12px;
}

.article-body p.article-duo__heading--blue {
  color: var(--article-blue, #2d6a9f);
}

.article-body p.article-duo__heading--green {
  color: var(--article-green, #2a7d52);
}

.article-duo__image {
  margin: 0;
  align-self: stretch;
  height: 100%;
  min-height: 100%;
  border-radius: 6px;
  overflow: hidden;
  border: 1px solid rgba(39, 35, 32, 0.06);
}

.article-duo__image img {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
  object-position: center;
}

/* Pros / cons — advantages + image | limitations (article 2, sections 2–3) */
.article-pros-cons {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
  gap: 20px;
  align-items: stretch;
  margin-top: 20px;
}

.article-pros-cons__advantages,
.article-pros-cons__limitations {
  padding: 18px 16px;
  background: #f5f4f3;
  border-radius: 6px;
  border: 1px solid rgba(39, 35, 32, 0.06);
}

.article-pros-cons__heading {
  font-size: 13px;
  font-weight: 800;
  letter-spacing: 0.4px;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  margin-bottom: 12px;
}

.article-body p.article-pros-cons__heading--ok {
  color: var(--article-green, #2a7d52);
}

.article-body p.article-pros-cons__heading--deny {
  color: var(--article-red, #a83d2e);
}

.article-pros-cons__body {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) 140px;
  gap: 14px;
  align-items: stretch;
}

.article-pros-cons__image {
  margin: 0;
  align-self: stretch;
  height: 100%;
  min-height: 100%;
  border-radius: 6px;
  overflow: hidden;
  border: 1px solid rgba(39, 35, 32, 0.06);
}

.article-pros-cons__image img {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
  object-position: center;
}

/* Wide hero / diagram images */
.article-hero-image--wide {
  aspect-ratio: 3 / 1;
}

.article-hero-image--ratio-9-4 {
  aspect-ratio: 9 / 4;
}

.article-split__image--square {
  aspect-ratio: 1 / 1;
}

.article-split__image--portrait {
  aspect-ratio: 5 / 6;
}

.article-split__image--wide {
  aspect-ratio: 3 / 1;
}

.article-split--diagram {
  grid-template-columns: 3fr 2fr;
  align-items: center;
}

/* ===================== Responsive ===================== */

@media (max-width: 1023px) {
  .article-layout {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 40px;
  }

  .article-sidebar {
    order: 2;
  }

  .article-title {
    font-size: 28px;
  }

  .article-factors {
    grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr);
  }

  .article-split,
  .article-split--reverse,
  .article-split--diagram {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .article-split__image {
    max-width: 320px;
  }

  .article-callouts {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .article-duo {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .article-duo__panel {
    grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) 130px;
  }

  .article-pros-cons {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .article-pros-cons__body {
    grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) 160px;
  }

  .article-aside,
  .article-aside--square,
  .article-aside--portrait,
  .article-aside--offset,
  .article-aside--image-left,
  .article-aside--pe-s2,
  .article-aside--pe-s3,
  .article-aside--vegas-s3,
  .article-aside--plumbing-s2,
  .article-aside--plumbing-s4,
  .article-aside--plumbing-s5,
  .article-aside--mep-s2,
  .article-split,
  .article-hvac-row,
  .article-hvac-thread,
  .article-plumbing-panel__split {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .article-hvac-row__body {
    grid-template-columns: max-content minmax(0, 1fr);
  }

  .article-hvac-row__image {
    max-width: 100%;
    aspect-ratio: 4 / 3;
    align-self: start;
  }

  .article-hvac-row__image img {
    min-height: 0;
  }

  .article-mep-timeline {
    flex-wrap: wrap;
    gap: 12px 8px;
    padding: 14px 10px;
  }

  .article-mep-timeline::before {
    display: none;
  }

  .article-mep-timeline__stage {
    flex: 1 1 calc(33.333% - 8px);
  }

  .article-mep-phase__figure {
    aspect-ratio: 16 / 9;
    max-height: 200px;
  }

  .article-mep-thread {
    padding: 22px 20px;
  }

  .article-hvac-row__icon {
    justify-content: flex-start;
  }

  .article-hvac-icon-wrap {
    --hvac-icon-glyph: 52px;
    --hvac-icon-pad: 5px;
    --hvac-icon-mask-scale: 175%;
  }

  .article-aside--plumbing-s4.article-aside--offset .article-aside__image,
  .article-aside--plumbing-s5.article-aside--offset .article-aside__image {
    grid-column: 1;
    grid-row: auto;
    padding-top: 0;
    min-height: 240px;
    max-width: 280px;
  }

  .article-icon-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .article-aside--image-left .article-aside__image {
    order: 0;
  }

  .article-aside--offset .article-aside__image {
    grid-column: 1;
    grid-row: auto;
    padding-top: 0;
    min-height: 240px;
    max-width: 280px;
  }

  .article-split__image {
    max-width: 320px;
  }

  .article-split__aside,
  .article-split__aside--continued,
  .article-split__below {
    grid-column: 1;
    grid-row: auto;
  }

  .article-aside__image {
    min-height: 220px;
    max-width: 280px;
  }
}

@media (max-width: 767px) {
  .article-wrap {
    padding: 24px 0 48px;
  }

  .article-title {
    font-size: 24px;
  }

  .article-subtitle {
    font-size: 15px;
  }

  .article-factors {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
    padding: 20px 16px;
  }

  .article-meta {
    gap: 14px;
  }

  .article-categories {
    margin-top: 36px;
    padding-top: 24px;
  }

  .article-categories__header {
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: flex-start;
  }

  .article-duo__panel {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .article-duo__image {
    max-width: 180px;
    min-height: 220px;
  }

  .article-pros-cons__body {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .article-pros-cons__image {
    max-width: 200px;
    min-height: 240px;
  }
}